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Endomysial IgA

Endomysial IgA refers to the presence of immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibodies against endomysium, a layer of connective tissue that surrounds muscle fibers, in the blood. Endomysial IgA testing is primarily used in the diagnosis of celiac disease, an autoimmune disorder that occurs in individuals who are genetically predisposed to a sensitivity to gluten. Endomysial antibodies are a specific marker of celiac disease and are found in over 90% of individuals with the condition. The endomysial antibodies are produced when the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own tissues in response to the presence of gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye. These antibodies can damage the small intestine, leading to malabsorption of nutrients and a range of gastrointestinal and non-gastrointestinal symptoms. Endomysial IgA testing is typically used in conjunction with other tests, such as tissue transglutaminase (tTG) IgA and gliadin IgA, to confirm a diagnosis of celiac disease. The tests are also used to monitor treatment response in individuals with celiac disease who are on a gluten-free diet.

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