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Bicarbonate

A bicarbonate blood test, also known as a total CO2 test or carbon dioxide test, is a medical test that measures the level of bicarbonate in the blood. The test is often ordered as part of a routine metabolic panel or as a follow-up to other blood tests that suggest an acid-base imbalance in the body. The normal range for bicarbonate in the blood is typically between 22 and 30 milliequivalents per liter (mEq/L). A higher or lower value may indicate an acid-base imbalance in the body, which can have various causes. A low bicarbonate level, called metabolic acidosis, can be caused by conditions such as kidney disease, uncontrolled diabetes, diarrhea, or ingestion of toxic substances. Symptoms of metabolic acidosis may include rapid breathing, confusion, fatigue, and muscle weakness. A high bicarbonate level, called metabolic alkalosis, can be caused by conditions such as vomiting, certain medications, or a loss of stomach acid due to surgery. Symptoms of metabolic alkalosis may include muscle twitching, nausea, and vomiting.

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